中英文文本对照：
Get More Out of Google.
从谷歌搜获更多
Tips & Tricks for Students
Conducting Online Research
一些提示和技巧
献给网上做调研的童鞋们
There is a lot more to efficient googling than you might think: in a recent study on student research skills, 3 out of 4 students couldn't perform a 'well-executed search' on Google. When the success of your term paper hangs in the balance, using Google effectively is crucial, but most students surprisingly just don't know how.
关于学生们作研究的技能，据不知道哪里的调查结果显示，让人意外的是有四分之三的学生都没能较好的利用网络搜索。在资讯丰富的互联网中，如何有效地搜索那可是攸关论文和报告能否准时搞定的关键技能啊。
Here are some crucial tips for refining your Googling, as well as some other great places to hunt down that last study you need for your thesis.
这儿给你提供了一些有效利用谷歌搜索的提示，助你搜获撰写毕业论文所需的信息。
How to Google
Search terms called 'operators' can help you get far more specific results than you would by only using generic search terms. Here are some of the most useful.
如何谷歌
你是否每次在Google时都只是加入空格分隔关键词呢？相对这基本的搜索功能，合理使用搜索‘操作符’，可以帮助你获得更加精确的搜索结果。
What You Want
NYTimes articles about test scores in college, but not the SATs, written between 2008 and 2010.
你想要什么
纽约时报在2008到2010年关于大学测验分数但不是SAT入学分数的文章。
How to Google It
怎样谷歌它
site:
Only searches the pages of that site.
只搜索某个网站的页面。
""
Searches for the exact phrase, not each of the words separately.
以整个短语作为搜索关键词，而不是拆开成每个词。
-
Excludes this term from the search.
排除某个关键词。
site:nytimes.com ~college "test scores" -SATs 2008..2010
~
Will also search related words, such as 'higher education' and 'university'.
同时搜索近义词，比如‘高等教育’，‘学院’
..
Shows all results from within the designated timerange.
显示指定年份时间段内的结果。
What You Want
你想要什么
A report on the different air speed velocities of common swallows.
一份关于燕子飞行速度的专业报告。
How To Google It
怎样谷歌它
Dont't ask Google questions. Think about how an answer would be phrased, and search for that(ie, never search for 'What is the air speed velocity...').
不要问谷歌问题。想一下答案会有哪些词语，然后搜索这些词语（例如不要搜索：“XX的飞行速度是多少？”）
filetype:
Searches only results of the file type you designate. Can use for pdf, doc, jpg, etc.
只搜索指定类型的文档，可以用来搜索pdf，doc，jpg等类型的文档。
intitle:
Only shows results with that word in the title (in this case, 'velocity').
只显示标题中包含指定关键词的搜索结果（例如：velocity）。
filetype:pdf air speed intitle:velocity of *swallow
*
Replaces itself with common terms in your search (in this case, Red Rumped swallow and Lesser Striped swallow will both be searched, along with many others).
星号用来代替任意字符（例如：‘*swallow’可以匹配‘Red Rumped swallow’
和‘Lesser Striped swallow’等，意为搜索各种燕子。）
Google Scholar
For most projects you work on in college, simple Googling won't do the trick on its own. Enter Google Scholar, which exclusively searches academic and scholarly work - that is, the kind of work you'll need to be citing in your papers.
谷歌学术搜索（http://scholar.google.com/）
对于在大学里从事的多数项目，只依靠简单的谷歌搜索不能有效达到目的。使用谷歌学术搜索吧，其专门用来搜索理论和学术著作的，就是你会在你的论文中引用的那种。
What You Want
你想要什么
Papers about photosynthesis by Dr. Ronald L. Green and Dr. Thomas P. Buttz.
Dr. Ronald L. Green和Dr. Thomas P. Buttz.所写的关于光合作用(photosynthesis)的论文
How To Google It
怎样谷歌它
author:
This will search for papers by Green rather than papers involving the word 'green'.
搜索Green发表的论文，而不是包含‘green’这个词的论文。
""
For more specific results, you can put the authors full name or initials in quotes.
想让结果更精确，你可以在引号中输入作者的全名或者是缩写。
author:green photosynthesis "tp buttz"
[photosynthesis] Just like a normal Google search, this is where the topic you're looking for goes.
这里的“photosynthesis”就是一个普通的谷歌搜索，是你要找的主题关键字。
Other Google Tricks
其它谷歌技巧
Definitions
定义
Good for quick word definitions. Just put define: in front of the word you want.
快速查询单词定义。只要在你想了解的单词前面输入“define:”。
define:angray
Calculator
数学计算
For quick math problems, don't worry about opening your calculator app. Just type the equation into Google using +, -, *, / and parentheses for basic functions.
快速计算，别费力的启动你的计算器软件了。只需要直接在谷歌里输入数学算式就行了，算式可以包含+，-，*，/ 和括号这些基本的算术功能。
(2*3)/5+44-1
Unit Converter
单位换算器
Easiest unit conversion ever. Just type what you're looking for in a sentence with the units you have and want.
方便的单位换算。只需要输入你想换算的两种单位。
54磅=？公斤
Keyboard Shortcuts
90% of Internet users don't know how to use Command + F to find items on a page. If you're one of those 90%, this section is for you.*
*As 70% of students use Macs, we formatted these tips for Mac users, but many of them will work for PCs if you press 'CTRL' instead of 'Command'.
快捷键
90%的互联网用户不知道可以使用Ctrl + F在本页查找字符。如果你是这90%其中一员，这一部分就是为你而写。注
注
快捷键的使用在PC机和Mac机上略有不同。因为在国内大多数童鞋用的是PC机，后面的提示均默认按照PC机用户的习惯而写，如果你使用的是Mac机，多数情况用“Command”按键代替‘Ctrl’按键便可。
Find On Page
在本页查找
The most important keyboard shortcut for research, ever. Press Command + F when looking at any document or web page, type in the word you're trying to find, and presto, all instances of the word are highlighted for you.
调研中最重要的快捷键，在你正在查看的任一文档或页面，按下Ctrl+F键，弹出搜索框后，输入你想查找的字符串，立刻，所有对应的字符串都为你而高亮显示。
[command] + [F]
Zoom In/Out
放大/缩小
Sometimes online PDFs make for strained reading. Bump up the size a few notches with this simple command.
有时候页面字体太小或者在线PDF文档勉强可以阅读，你可以使用快捷键方便的放大或缩小页面。
[command] + [+] / [-]
Select The Address Bar
选中浏览器地址栏
Doing rapid Google Searches in a number of tabs can be fatiguing. Instead of mousing up to the address bar every time, just hid Command + L and it's already selected.
每次使用鼠标移动到地址栏是费神又费力，只要按下Ctrl+F组合键，地址栏即可选中。
[command]+[L]
Cycle Windows & Apps
Research on the computer is always plagued by window and app clutter that grows as your work does. Use Command + (the key above tab on the left side) to cycle through windows in a certain application, or Command + Tab to cycle applications.
windows [command]+[~]
applications [command]+[tab]
切换标签页和程序
在电脑上做研究，随着你工作的开展，运行的应用程序和打开的窗口越来越多，烦扰着你。使用快捷键可以帮助你在不同的窗口和应用程序间切换，减轻你的烦乱。
PC机：
切换标签页：[Ctrl]+[Tab]
切换窗口：[Alt]+[Tab]
Mac机：
切换窗口 [command]+[~`]
切换应用程序 [command]+[Tab]
Screenshot
Sometimes, for whatever reason, you might need to capture the state of your screen, or an image from a document.
Command + Shift + 3 screencaps your whole screen.
Command + Shift + 4 lets you draw a box around a specific area of your screen you wish to capture.
[command] + [shift] + [# 3] / [$ 4]
(截屏功能，不翻译，PC机器默认没有)
Further Research Tips
进一步的研究提示
Use Your Library's Website
Google should never be your only research option. Most colleges' library web pages have links to wealths of resources at your disposal. This is where you can find access to scholarly databases such as JSTOR, which publish content that you can't access for free elsewhere.
善用你们的图书馆网站
谷歌很给力，但决不是你做研究的唯一选择。大多数大学的图书馆网站上链接了丰富的资源任君取用。你能从中找到学术著作数据库的入口，例如超星数字图书馆。毕竟许多重要文献还是需要从专业的论文资料库里才能找到。
Don't Cite Wikipedia
Let's face it: we all use Wikipedia when conducting research. It's a great first resource to familiarize one's self with a topic, but using Wiki for a research paper is a deadly academic sin. But if you find a good wiki, check out the reference links at the bottom for more credible sources.
不要引用维基百科
面对现实吧：我们在进行研究的过程中都常会用到维基百科。在了解和熟悉我们论文题目的过程中，维基百科是一个很适合入门的地方，但其中很多资料缺乏来源引证。不过一个好的维基条目，底部会标明参考链接，从这里可以有助我们找到一些可靠的信息来源。
Mine Bibliographies
This tip is applicable for both digital and traditional research. If you find a great book, study, or article, chances are it cites some other great sources. Always thoroughly explore the bibliographies of your research materials for leads, and look up everything you find that seems promising.
找参考文献
此段提示对于数字化或传统的调研均适用。从优质的书、论文或报告上下手是不会错的，从文献追溯，顺藤摸瓜地探究所有相关资料，查阅每一个看起来有希望的线索。
中文版译制
作者：DramaTea | http://dramatea.com
中文版原图：http://kaijuan.org/文件:信息图-从谷歌搜获更多.png
英文版原图：http://kaijuan.org/file:Infographic-get_more_out_of_google.gif
英文原版出处：http://www.hackcollege.com/blog/2011/11/23/infographic-get-more-out-of-google.html
HackCollege.com
References
http://library.uvic.ca/instruction/research/google101.html
http://www.dumblittleman.com/2007/06/20-tips-for-more-efficient-google.html
http://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/refinesearch.html
http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2001/08/crazy90-percent-of-people-dont-know-how-to-use-ctrl-f/243840/
http://www.maclife.com/article/features/10_coolest_keyboard_shortcuts_you_nerver_knew_about
http://www.womansday.com/Articles/Life/15-Keyboard-Shortcuts-You-Probably-Don-t-Know.html
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